The district is blessed with Western Ghats from which all the rivers viz, Chitharu, Hanuman Nathi, Ramanathi and Karuppanathi flows from west to east. Gundaru, Adavinainar, Karuppanathi, Gadana, Ramanathi are the main source of irrigation dams and also for drinking purpose. The other sources of irrigation are wells, tanks and canals.
Agriculture is playing a very crucial role in the district economy. Paddy is cultivated as major crop in the district and Coconut, Cashew nut, Mango, Maize and Cotton are other principal crops. Lemon Cultivation is famous in Puliyangudi, and it is popularly known as “Lemon City”.